A 33 year-old man developed severe low back pain radiating down the left leg. Examination showed an absent left ankle reflex and loss of sensation over the left lateral foot and posterior lateral leg.

Your backbone, or spine, is made up of 26 bones called vertebrae. In between them are soft discs filled with a jelly-like substance. These discs cushion the vertebrae and keep them in place. As you ...

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., 2004; Asch et ...

A bulging disc in your lower back is most often caused by naturally occurring changes as you age. Most bulging discs don’t cause symptoms, but they may progress to become herniated discs. Lower back ...

A low-back disc herniation can be a harrowing experience. One minute you're going about your day and the next you're laid up with pain, numbness, or tingling into your back and legs. Luckily, in many ...

A bulging, or herniated, disk occurs when the spongy center of a disk in the spine pushes out through a tear in the outer, rubbery portion of the disk. Symptoms can include pain and problems with ...

Lumbar radiculopathy is inflammation of a nerve root in the lower back that causes symptoms in the back and down the leg. Radiculopathy is pain and other neurological symptoms caused by the pinching ...

Objectives: To observe the prevalence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in elite athletes as compared with published literature of changes seen in non-athletes—that is, normal population.