In Earth’s early days, more than 4 billion years ago, the surface was a dangerous and unpredictable place. Violent volcanoes, crashing meteorites, and constant tectonic activity repeatedly resurfaced ...

Geologists from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) have made a breakthrough in understanding how Earth's early continents formed during the Archean time, more than 2.5 billion years ago. Their findings ...

Earth should have lost its water long before life ever had a chance to appear. Bathed in a young Sun’s fierce radiation and wrapped in a global magma ocean, the planet’s surface looked more like a ...

The study of early Earth microbial life and its associated organic matter provides crucial insights into the origins and evolution of life on our planet. Recent work has illuminated the remarkable ...

About 4.5 billion years ago, the most momentous event in the history of our planet occurred: a huge celestial body called Theia collided with the young Earth. How the collision unfolded and what ...

Earth’s deep interior still shapes the world above your feet. Water trapped far below the surface helps control how rocks move, melt, and recycle through the mantle. Some of that water carries a ...