THE pulmonary circulation is of paramount importance in failure of the heart. The presence of dyspnea, orthopnea and hemoptysis and a diminution in vital capacity imply a profound change in the blood ...

Patients who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and high blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary ...

The metabolic activity of any tissue is limited by its blood supply; the more active any organ, the more blood it needs and the more extensive its vascularization. The changes in metabolic activity ...

The Circulatory System is the system of organs in the human beings and other animals which is responsible for transport of materials inside the body. It consists of heart, arteries, veins, capillaries ...

Advanced imaging, like 4D-flow CMR, aids in understanding PA remodeling in different PH subtypes, offering non-invasive differentiation. PAH patients exhibit distinct PA flow characteristics, ...

The natural history of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension has been difficult to determine because a subgroup of patients have had occult pulmonary embolism, with subtle clues to the ...

The World Health Organization symposium offers a new treatment-oriented classification of pulmonary hypertension based on an improved understanding of its pathophysiology. Regardless of the etiology, ...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) with left-sided heart disease is defined, according to the latest Venice classification, as a Group 2 PH, which includes left-sided ventricular or atrial disease, and ...