Volcanoes emit smoke. Beneath a volcano lies a huge chamber filled with liquid magma. A series of earthquakes means an ...

Indonesia’s Toba supervolcano remained active for thousands of years after its massive eruption about 74,000 years ago. Some ...

Europe was plunged into darkness and suffered from intense crop failures and famines in the years AD536 and AD1258, after massive volcanic eruptions. Large volcanic eruptions emit gasses and ash ...

Hydrothermal eruptions represent a class of volcanic activity driven by the rapid vaporisation of groundwater or hydrothermal fluids rather than by fresh magma ascent. Such eruptions can occur with ...

Volcanic processes encompass the generation of magma in the mantle, its ascent through the crust and the eventual release of gas, liquid and solid phases at the surface. Magma forms when mantle ...

Currently, scientists struggle to forecast volcano eruption events, as no universally reliable, real-time eruption forecasting framework is available. Instead, researchers often rely on retrospective ...

Far out along Alaska’s Aleutian chain, a volcano has been quietly building itself higher for years. Great Sitkin continues to ...

When the Black Death swept through Europe beginning in 1347, the plague wiped out more than half of the continent’s population, upending societies and interrupting wars. New research suggests that a ...

A scientific team is monitoring in real time the signals that could foreshadow one of the most studied geological phenomena in the Pacific Ocean ...

This activity is supported by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Day Fund, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX15AT28G, the National ...

Mount Anak Krakatau erupted eight times, ejecting incandescent lava up to 300 meters, while authorities maintained its Level ...